Bibliography of British Sports History

Volume Two - Local Studies in the History of Sport in Britain

Preface

This bibliography, which lists in classified order local studies in the history of sport(s) in Britain (including histories of individual clubs, teams, venues and tournaments, is volume one of a three volumed series of bibliographies documenting the literature of British sports history. It is complemented by Volume One - Nation-wide Studies in the History of British Sport (London: Frank Cass, 2001) and Volume Three - Bibliography of British Sporting Biography (London: Frank Cass, 2001). Collectively, they list the secondary works on the history of sport in Britain and comprise the second stage of a three stage project to document the sources for the study of the history of sport in Britain.

The first phase was to identify the different types of sources for researching the development of sport(s) and sport-related topics in Britain, discuss their merits, problems associated with their use, and guidance on how to identify and locate the existence of individual items of potential interest. This was published as History of Sport: A Guide to the Literature and Sources of Information (Frodsham: Sports History Publishing, 1994). A second, updated edition is planned for publication in 2002 (Frank Cass).

The third phase is to document selected primary sources for the study of sport in Britain. The first part, A Selective Bibliography of Printed Primary Sources on British Sport is due for publication in 2002. This lists in classified order the principal contemporary monographs and periodical publications. More specialist indexes include a listing of archive collections Sporting Archives in the U.K. (London: The Sports Council, 1983), manuscripts Index to Sporting Manuscripts in the U.K. (Frodsham: Sports History Publishing 1985) and indexes to prominent 19th and early 20th century journals (already underway but not due for publication until sometime into the future).

The final step will be to establish and maintain an up‑to‑date on‑line bibliography of both primary and secondary sources which may be searched in a number of fields using key words selected from a controlled vocabulary and accessed remotely via the Internet.

In the 10 years which have elapsed since publication of the first edition of this bibliography, sports history has taken giant strides forwards in scholarship and the output of publications has more than doubled. The recognition it now enjoys as an important aspect of our cultural heritage is reflected in the prestigious publishing houses which now have special series and serials on sports history and the fact that most authors no longer feel obliged to justify the subject in the manner they once did.

The growth in literature is reflected in the size of the annual bibliography of sports history publications which I have compiled since 1984. The first one, published in the British Journal of Sports History (later to become the International Journal of the History of Sport) totalled around 150 entries, the one for 1999 is almost 1000. The sheer volume necessitated it being withdrawn from the journal in 1995 and is now published as a separate volume in its own right (Frank Cass, 2001).

The rapid increase in publications in recent years can be explained in part to the fact that during the late 1980s and early 90s, many clubs, leagues and governing bodies have celebrated their centenaries and produced histories to commemorate their achievements. It is also the result of the growing popularity and realisation of the importance and significance of sports history research within academe. Although the number of sports history courses taught within Sports Studies/Physical Education departments has declined, it has mushroomed in departments of history, at undergraduate and post-graduate level, facilitated in part, by the introduction of modular degrees in just about every institution of higher education in Britain. Also, the number of students in higher education in Britain is also nearly double what it was a decade ago and this must have had some impact, and undoubtedly explains the other phenomena, growing numbers of higher degree students pursuing sports history research. A number of recent publications also illustrate the growing interest in sports history within Workers' Educational Associations, local history societies, oral history groups, local authority history units, etc. The public at large are also now demanding to know more about sport in all its facets. Continuous exposure to sport by the media and the growing interventions of the state have engaged more and more of the population in following or better still - participating in sport. These individuals now want to know more about the activities they enjoy, the teams they support and the stars they worship. The growth of IT literacy, the ready access to desk-top publishing software and on-demand printing has helped ensure that the record keeping of amateur enthusiasts, club administrators, etc finds its way into print. The once hand written manuscript deposited within the club archive is today more likely to be word-processed, printed off and distributed to anyone who wants a copy, including the local library.

The result of this increased popularity in sports history is that the 2nd edition of this bibliography is double the size of the first.

Contents

Preface

Contents

Acknowledgements.............................................

Introduction.................................................

Compilation of the Bibliography..............................

Additional Notes to the Compilation of the 2nd edition.......

Organisation of the Bibliography.............................

Using the Bibliography.......................................

Local Studies of Sport

England

East.............................

Midlands.........................

North............................

South ...........................

Individual Counties

Bedfordshire.....................

Berkshire........................

Buckinghamshire..................

Cambridgeshire...................

Cheshire.........................

Cornwall.........................

Cumberland.......................

Derbyshire.......................

Devon............................

Dorset...........................

Durham...........................

Essex............................

Gloucestershire..................

Hampshire........................

Herefordshire....................

Hertfordshire....................

Huntingdonshire..................

Isle of Wight....................

Kent.............................

Lancashire.......................

Leicestershire...................

Lincolnshire.....................

London...........................

Middlesex........................

Norfolk..........................

Northamptonshire.................

Northumberland...................

Nottinghamshire..................

Oxfordshire......................

Rutland..........................

Shropshire.......................

Somerset.........................

Staffordshire....................

Suffolk..........................

Surrey...........................

Sussex...........................

Warwickshire.....................

Westmorland......................

Wiltshire........................

Worcestershire...................

Isle of Man..............................

Jersey...................................

Northern Ireland

County Antrim.....................

County Armagh.....................

County Down.......................

County Fermanagh..................

County Londonderry................

Scotland

Aberdeenshire.....................

Angus.............................

Argyllshire.......................

Ayrshire..........................

Berwickshire......................

Caithnesshire.....................

Dumbartonshire....................

Dumfrieshire......................

East Lothian......................

Fifeshire.........................

Forfarshire.......................

Invernesshire.....................

Lanarkshire.......................

Midlothian........................

Morayshire........................

Orkneys...........................

Perthshire........................

Renfrewshire......................

Roxburghshire.....................

Selkirkshire......................

Shetlands.........................

Stirlingshire.....................

Wales

Anglesey..........................

Breconshire.......................

Caernarvonshire...................

Cardiganshire.....................

Carmarthenshire...................

Denbighshire......................

Flintshire........................

Glamorganshire....................

Monmouthshire.....................

Montgomeryshire...................

Pembrokeshire.....................

Radnorshire.......................

Miscellaneous Clubs, Whereabouts

Unknown..................................

Author Index.............................................

Acknowledgements

Firstly, I would like to reiterate my thanks to the many friends, colleagues and family whose help and support I acknowledged in the first edition.

With specific reference to this second edition, I would like to single out the ongoing support of John Jenkins who for the last 10 years has been a constant source of information, voluntarily plying me with new references and patiently reading through what I have listed to iron out the inevitable mistakes. Andrew Huxtable of the National Union of Track and Field Statisticians, Andy Mitchell of the Scottish Football Association and Jack Williams also deserve a special mention for making this publication and the other in the series much better publications than they would have otherwise been. Professors John Bale, Jeff Hill, Grant Jarvie, John McIlwaine, Gertrud Pfister, Mike Salter, Wray Vamplew and Gareth Williams, all fellow members of the British Society of Sports History, have also provided inspiration and support in different ways at different times. The support of Sport UK in enabling me to attend a number of international conferences where I have benefited from exposure to new ideas and information is also much appreciated.

For writing the Foreword, I would like to thank Professor Wray Vamplew.

Introduction

This bibliography has been compiled to meet the increasing demand by social historians, physical educationists, librarians, journalists, book collectors and all those otherwise interested in publications on the history of sport in Britain for information. Every week I receive many enquiries, to which, unfortunately, I simply do not have the time to respond to. Hopefully, this publication will provide a useful source for many of those enquiries.

The background and history to the project as a whole were outlined in detail in the Preface to the 1st edition and a forthcoming article ('Tales of a Bibliophile...' see below) but basically several bibliographies containing references on the history of sport in Britain already existed, but these were restricted to particular categories ‑ forms of publications (monographs, periodical articles, conference papers, etc.); periods in history (Medieval, Victorian, etc.); individual or groups of individual activities (ball games, water sports, cricket, etc.), geographical areas (East Anglia, London, etc.); religion, race or gender; country, period, language of publication; publishers, library collections; levels of scholarship or some combination of the above. [1] Historical bibliographies, on the other hand, at least until recently, had largely ignored details of sporting literature. [2] Since existing bibliographies are highly selective and/or limited in scope, and because as a whole, they fail to provide comprehensive coverage of the total literature on the history of sport in Britain there was an obvious need for a new compilation of this kind. This is what led to the publication of the first edition in 1991 and now the demand for an updated version.

This bibliography attempts to document all that which has been written in the English language on the history of sport(s) and physical education in Britain nation-wide (including historical reference works). As mentioned in the Preface, it is one volume of a 3 volumed series which collectively in turn comprise the second part of a three‑part project. Its intention is to list all secondary source material (monographs, periodical articles, conference papers, chapters in books, Festschriften, theses, and typescripts), including reference works, in a classified order to meet the needs of the sports historian and all those otherwise interested in the development of sport in Britain and its literature.

Before outlining in more detail what exactly is and is not included in the bibliography it is important to clarify a few of the terms used. For the purposes of this bibliography, I have interpreted the term sport in a very broad sense to include all forms of competitive human‑instigated activity involving physical skill, often bound by a set of rules and engaged in for the pursuit of pleasure or other reward. With this definition in mind, it is clear that some activities can be classified as a sport under some conditions but not under others. For example, sailing is a form of human‑instigated activity involving physical skill, engaged in for the pursuit of pleasure, but only counts as sport when carried out under competitive conditions. Although this working definition would include field sports because they are competitive, human‑instigated involving physical skills, bound by a set of rules (however rudimentary), in the pursuit of pleasure, it would not include such activities as chess, bridge or poker. Although they are competitive, human‑instigated activities bound by a set of rules, engaged in for the pursuit of pleasure, they are not primarily physical in nature. Histories of physical education and training have been included because of the manner in which the expressions have sometimes been used to subsume the term sport and because in the correct sense of the term, the physical education/training curriculum has often employed sporting activities to achieve its goals.

A secondary source is regarded as a work passing comment or making judgement on events passed. It is distinguished from a primary source which simply documents or describes decisions, events and states of affairs. By and large, primary sources are written and compiled nearer to the time of the event and therefore cannot offer hindsight with respect to the passing of time. These works which would include such titles as Soccer Skills for Teenagers, Fishing the Test, The Rules of Hockey, etc. are included in the select bibliography of primary sources (see below). Reference works may be regarded as secondary sources listing and or summarising information. Most of these working definitions will become more apparent following examination of the limitations outlined in the next few pages.

Included in this bibliography are:

Reference works such as regional bibliographies containing references on sport.

Local studies published as monographs, periodical articles, conference papers, chapters in books, Festschriften; theses, and even typescripts on the history of sport in Britain including histories of individual clubs, teams, tournaments and sporting venues. Summaries and abstracts published in conference reports have also been included in the hope that where little alternative literature exists they provide a useful lead via the author to other information.

Excluded from the bibliography are:

Publications in the English language published after 31 December, 1999, the cut-off date for the bibliography.

National histories of sport(s) in Britain including histories of governing bodies of sport and national teams. These are included in Volume One - National Histories of Sport in Britain.

Short histories from newspapers revealing no new information and where more substantial literature is known to exist and has already been included in this Bibliography. This would mean that a sketch history of the Grand National appearing in a national newspaper would not be included, but a newspaper history of an obscure village cricket team that had not been previously written about would.

Histories of archery and fencing in warfare, walking in a rambling sense,

cycling, rowing and sailing as forms of transport, etc.

Local and Institutional histories making only passing reference to

sport (ie less than one page).

Biographical studies and memoirs of British sportsmen, women and animals. These are included in Volume 3 - Biographical Studies of British Sportsmen, Sportswomen and Animals.

Published primary sources such as parliamentary papers, annual reports, yearbooks, structure plans, directories of facilities, officers, names and

addresses etc.; rules, newspaper cuttings, newsheets, promotional brochures and

guides, match reports, maps of hunts, etc. unless they were special editions

(eg. centenary yearbook) including some form of historical account. These are

too vast in number to include. A select list of printed primary sources is to be published by the compiler in due course. Some may by traced by referring to R. W. Cox's compilation of 19th Century British sporting literature in The New Cambridge Bibliography of English Literature (Cambridge University Press, 1998) and the guides and bibliographies noted on p. ix and the reference works, special collections, etc. listed at the foot of each section.

Manuscript sources such as diaries. For details of sporting manuscripts in public and selected private collections in the UK, see R. W. Cox (comp.), Index to Sporting Manuscripts in the U.K. (London: The Sports Council, 1983). This is updated annually in The Sports Historian.

Films, videos, oral recordings and other non‑printed materials. See The Films, videos, oral recordings and other non‑printed materials. See The British National Film and Video Catalogue, it is published annually and available at most large reference libraries or the library of the British Film Institute, 21 Stephen Street, London W1P 2LN.

Fiction.

Finally, it is important for the user to appreciate that no quality control has been imposed on the entries included or excluded outside the confines just described. Whilst some works will be of considerable value to the social historian others will offer little help. The policy has been to include everything known to exist, irrespective of availability, size or scholarship. It is the compiler's contention that accurate and reliable studies, regardless of their scholarship, in terms of historical analysis, are often a valuable starting point for the academic historian, if only to identify significant events and personalities. This is especially the case in relatively new and uncharted areas of historical investigation where a wealth of literature does not already exist. More important in the context of this bibliography, however, is the fact that it is also intended to provide a valuable reference source for librarians, journalists, collectors and all other such groups interested in the history of sport in Britain.

In due course, especially when a wealth of scholarly literature has amassed, as one suspects it will on the basis of recent trends, there may be a case for coding entries in terms of scholarship in order to assist the more discerning academic historian differentiate what is likely to be more pertinent to his/her particular interests.

Compilation of the Bibliography

This bibliography has been compiled from an examination of the holdings of many public and private collections in particular:

I. Public Collections

A. National Libraries

The British Library (Reference Division)

The National Library of Scotland (Edinburgh)

The National Library of Wales (Aberystwyth)

B. Local Libraries

Aberdeen, Aberystwyth, Arbroath, Accrington, Alloa, Altrincham, Ashford, Ashington, Ashton‑under‑Lyne, Aylesbury, Ayr, Balivanich, Ballymena, Ballynalinch, Barking, Barnsley, Barry, Basingstoke, Bath, Batley, Bearsden, Bedford, Belfast, Berwick‑upon‑Tweed, Bexley, Birkenhead, Birmingham, Blackburn, Blackpool, Bingley, Bodmin, Bolton, Bootle, Bournemouth, Bradford, Brent, Bridgend, Brierley Hill, Brighton, Bristol, Bromley, Burnley, Burton‑on‑Trent, Bury, Bury St Edmunds, Caernarfon, Cambridge, Camden, Cannock, Canterbury, Cardiff, Carlisle, Carmarthen, Chelsea, Chester, Chesterfield, Chippenham, Chorley, Cinderford, Cirencester, Clydebank, Colchester, Coventry, Crewe, Croydon, Cumnock, Cwmbran, Dagenham, Darlington, Derby, Doncaster, Dorchester, Dudley, Dumbarton, Dumfries, Dundee, Dunfermline, Dunoon, Durham, Ealing, Edinburgh, Elgin, Elmbridge, Enfield, Epsom, Evesham, Exeter, Falkirk, Farnborough, Farnworth, Fermanagh, Folkestone, Forfar, Fulham, Gateshead, Giffnock, Gillingham, Glasgow (Mitchell Library), Gloucester, Gravesend, Greenock, Grimsby, Guildford, Hackney, Haddington, Halifax, Hamilton, Hammersmith, Harrogate, Hartlepool, Haverfordwest, Havering, Hemel Hempstead, Hendon, Hereford, Hertford, High Wycombe, Hillingdon, Hinckley, Hounslow, Hove, Huddersfield, Hull, Huntingdon, Huyton, Ilkeston, Ilkley, Inverness, Ipswich, Islington, Keighley, Kendal, Knutsford, Lambeth, Lanark, Leamington Spa, Leeds, Leek, Leicester, Leigh, Lewes, Lewisham, Leyland, Lincoln, Liverpool (Picton Library), Llandrindod Wells, Llandudno, Llangefni, London (The Guildhall Library), Londonderry, Loughborough, Lowestoft, Lymington, Lytham St Annes, Macclesfield, Maidstone, Manchester, Mansfield, Margate, Matlock, Melton Mowbray, Merthyr Tydfil, Merton, Middlesbrough, Middleton, Mitcham, Mold, Morpeth, Motherwell, Musselburgh, Nelson, Newark‑upon‑Trent, Newcastle‑upon‑Tyne, Newport (Isle of Wight), Newport (Monmouthshire), Northallerton, Northampton, North Shields, Norwich, Nottingham, Nuneaton, Oakham, Omagh, Oxford, Peebles, Perth, Peterborough, Plumstead, Plymouth, Portadown, Portsmouth, Preston, Rawtenstall, Reading, Redcar, Renfrew, Richmond‑upon‑Thames, Rochdale, Rotherham, Rugby, Runcorn, St Helens, Sale, Salford, Salisbury, Scarborough, Selkirk, Sevenoaks, Sheffield, Shrewsbury, Sittingbourne, Sleaford, Slough, Smethwick, Solihull, Southampton, South Shields, Southwark, Stafford, Stirling, Stockport, Stockton‑upon‑Tees, Stoke‑on‑Trent, Stourbridge, Stratford‑upon‑Avon, Stroud, Sunderland, Sutton‑in-Ashfield, Swansea, Swindon, Taunton, Tipton, Tonbridge, Torquay, Tower Hamlets, Trafford, Trearch, Trowbridge, Truro, Tunbridge Wells, Upper Norwood, Urmston, Uxbridge, Wakefield, Wallsend, Waltham Forest, Wandsworth, Warrington, Warwick, Watford, Wednesbury, Welwyn Garden City, Wembley, West Bromwich, Westhoughton, Westminster, Weston‑super‑Mare, Weybridge, Whitehaven, Widnes, Wigan, Winchester, Wolverhampton, Worcester, Worksop, Worthing, Wrexham, Yate, Yeovil, York.

The A.P. Awdry Collection of Cricket Literature (Chippenham Public Library)

The Reid Memorial Angling Collection (The Mitchell Library, Glasgow)

II. Private Collections

The Centre for Sports Science and History (University of Birmingham)

The Sport England Information Unit (Woburn Place, London)

The Higginson Collection of Books and Periodicals on Hunting and Field Sports (The London Library)

The Horse and Hound Library (The National Equestrian Centre, Stoneleigh, Kenilworth)

The Kenneth Ritchie Memorial Library (Wimbledon)

The Library of The Alpine Club (London)

The Library of The British Olympic Association (London)

The Library of The Cruising Association (London)

The Library of The Fell and Rock Climbing Club (University of Lancaster)

The Library of The Football Association (London)

The Library of The Football League (Lytham St Annes)

The Library of The Hurlingham Polo Association (Hurlingham)

The Library of The MCC (London)

The Library of The Physical Education Association (London)

The Library of The Royal and Ancient Golf Club (St Andrews)

The Library of The Royal Caledonian Curling Club (Edinburgh)

The Library of The Rugby League (Leeds)

The Library of The Squash Racquets Association

The Library of The British Association for Shooting and Conservation (Wrexham)

The Library of The Women Golfers' Museum (Edinburgh)

The libraries and holdings of a number of collectors and dealers too numerous to mention.

An examination of a large number of Current Awareness Publications Indexes and Bibliographical Serials including the following:

Cumulative Book Index (1898 onwards)

Poole's Index to Periodical Literature (1802‑1907)

Subject Index to Periodicals (1915‑1962)

The Wellesley Index to Victorian Periodicals

Aslib Index to Theses Accepted for Higher Degrees by Universities of Great Britain and Ireland and the Council for National Academic Awards (1951 onwards)

Annual Bibliography of British and Irish History (1975 onwards)

'Articles Relating to the History of Wales', published annually in Welsh Historical Review (1960 onwards)

Australian National Bibliography (1971 onwards)

Bibliographical Index on Physical Education, Sport and Allied Subjects (1967 onwards)

Bibliography of Historical Works Issued in the United Kingdom (covering the period 1946‑1975)

'Bibliography of Southern History' (published annually in Southern History)

Bibliography Index (1946 onwards)

'Book Notes and Journal Surveys' (both published periodically in The Journal of Sport History (1974 onwards)

Books in Print (1987)

British Books in Print (1987)

British Education Index (1954 onwards)

British Humanities Index (1962 onwards) (formerly Subject Index to Periodicals)

British National Bibliography (1951 onwards)

Combined Retrospective Index to Journals in History,1838‑1974

Completed Research in Health, Physical Education, Recreation

and Dance (1959 onwards)

Cumulative Book Index (1898 onwards)

'Current Bibliography of Urban History' (published annually in Urban History Yearbook since 1972)

Current Contents (Humanities and Social Sciences)

ERIC RIE Resources in Education (1966 onwards)

CIJE Current Index to Journals in Education (1969 onwards)

Essay and General Literature Index (1934 onwards)

Historical Abstracts a) Modern History Abstracts, 1450‑1914 b) 20th Century Abstracts (1950 onwards)

Humanities Index (1974 onwards)

International Bibliography of Historical Sciences (1930)

International Mediaeval Bibliography (1967 onwards)

'List of Publications on the Economic and Social History of Great Britain and Northern Ireland' (published annually in Economic History Review (1927 onwards)

Monthly Selection of Recent Publications on Sport, Physical Education and Recreation (1971‑77)

Leisure, Recreation and Tourism Abstracts (1975 onwards)

Master's Abstracts (1861‑1972, 1987)

Physical Education Index (1978 onwards)

Physical Education/Sports Index (1978 onwards)

Poole's Index to Periodical Literature (1802‑1907)

'Recent Publications in Local History' (published annually in Local Historian) (1952 onwards)

'Review of Periodical Literature and Occasional Publications' (published annually in Northern History) (1964 onwards)

Social Science Index (1974 onwards)

Sociology and Leisure Abstracts (1980 onwards)

Sports Documentation Monthly Bulletin (formerly Sports Information Bulletin) (1971 onwards)

Sports Dokumentation (1974 onwards)

Sports Search (1984 onwards)

Subject Index to Periodicals (1915‑1962)

'Victorian Bibliography' (published annually in Victorian Studies) (1957 onwards)

The Wellesley Index to Victorian Periodicals

Writings on British History (the volumes covering 1901‑1974)

Several of these services were also interrogated on‑line to search retrospectively or to update. Printouts were purchased from SIRLS (an information retrieval system for the Sociology of Sport and Leisure) Files 38 (Social History of Sport and Leisure, Renaissance to Modern Times) and 39 (Social History of Sport and Leisure in Ancient and Medieval Times).

Finally, the contents of a large number of periodicals (including directories and yearbooks) not indexed in any of the above (e.g. Athletics Weekly, Canoeist, Rowers' Almanack, Rugby World, The Swimming Times, etc.) were examined, some of which did and others which did not contain items of interest to the sports historian. Although a start was made to indexing historical items contained within the pages of popular cricket journals and serials (e.g. Cricket World and its predecessors), The Cricketer, The Cricket Statistician, The Journal of the Cricket Society, Wisden Cricketer's Almanack, Wisden's Cricket Monthly, etc.), it was eventually decided that comprehensive indexing in this sense was beyond the scope of this particular bibliography and perhaps worthy of a separate volume of its own to complement Padwick's work (op cit). Items included from popular cricket magazines comprise a select list of mainly recent articles to illustrate the range of articles from those appearing in volumes to which the compiler had ready access.

The proceedings of the following professional organisations:

American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Dance (AAHPERD)

Australian Society for Sports History (ASSH)

British Society for Sports History (BSSH)

Canadian Association for Health, Physical Education and Recreation History of Sport and Physical Activity Committee

History of Education Society (including the History of Physical Education Study Group)

International Council for Comparative Sport and Physical Education

International Association for the History of Sport (HISPA), since 1990 The International Society for the History of Physical Education and Sport (ISHPES)

National College Physical Education Association (NCPEA)

North American Society of Sports Historians (NASSH)

Society for the Study of Labour History

and numerous conferences.

An examination of the following guides and select bibliographies:

Allen, D. R., Early Books on Cricket (London: Europa, 1987).

Altholz, J. L., Victorian England, 1837‑1901 (Bibliographical Handbook Series) (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1970).

Austin, R., Catalogue of the Gloucestershire Collection Books, Pamphlets, and Documents in the Gloucester Public Library (Gloucester: Gloucester County Library, 1928).

Bartholomew, A. T., Catalogue of Books and Papers for the most part Relating to the University, Town and County of Cambridge (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1912). Baxter, J. H., A Bibliography of St. Andrews (St Andrews: St Andrews University Press, 1926).

Beavan, N. F., Big Game Hunting, Deer Stalking, Game Shooting, Wildfowling, Gamekeeping and Associated Natural History: A Chronological Bibliography Covering the Years, 1413 to 1939 (Chester: published privately, 1982).

Besterman, T., A World Bibliography of Bibliographies (4th edition) (Lausanne, Societas Bibliographica, 1966).

Bilboul, R. R., Retrospective Index to Theses in Great Britain and Northern Ireland: 1716‑1950 (London: Aslib, 1976).

Bowes, R., A Catalogue of Books Printed at or Relating to the University and County of Cambridge from 1521 to 1983 (Cambridge: Macmillan and Bowes, 1984).

Brockett, A., The Devon Union List: A Collection of Written Material Relating to the County of Devon (Exeter: Exeter University Press, 1977).

Brown, L. M. and Christie, I. R., Bibliography of British History, 1789‑1851 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1977).

Carson, W. R. H., 'A Bibliography of Printed Material Relating to the County Antrim and County Borough of Londonderry', F.L.A. Thesis, 1968.

Chiasson, C., et al., Sports Bibliography (Ottawa: Canadian Coaching Association, 1980) (8 volumes) (and supplements).

Comprehensive Dissertation Index, 1861‑1972 (and supplements, 1973‑82, 1983‑88).

Conisbee, L. R., A Bedfordshire Bibliography (Bedford: Bedfordshire Historical Record Society, 1962).

Cordeaux, E. H. and Merry, D. H., A Bibliography of Printed Works Relating to Oxfordshire (Oxford: Oxford Historical Society, 1955) (Supplement 1981).

Cordeaux, E. H. and Merry, D. H., A Bibliography of Printed Works Relating to the University of Oxford (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1968).

Cordeaux, E. H. and Merry, D. H., A Bibliography of Printed Works Relating to the City of Oxford (Oxford: Oxford Historical Society, 1976).

Cox, R. W., Theses and Dissertations on the History of Sport, Physical Education and Recreation Accepted for Higher Degrees and Advanced Diplomas in British Universities 1900‑1981 (Liverpool: Bibliographical Centre for the History of Sport, Physical Education and Recreation, 1982).

Cox, R. W., American Theses on the History of British Sport, Physical Education and Recreation (Liverpool: Bibliographical Centre for the History of Sport, Physical Education and Recreation, 1982).

Craven, R. R., Billiards, Bowling, Table Tennis, Pinball and Video Games: A Bibliographical Guide (Westport CT: Greenwood Press, 1983).

Cubban, W., A Bibliography of Works Relating to the Isle of Man (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1983).

Darroch, E. and Taylor, B., A Bibliography of Norfolk History (Norwich: Centre for East Anglian Studies, University of East Anglia, 1975).

Davidson, J., Bibliotheca Devoniensis (Exeter: Roberts, 1852).

Davies, G., Bibliography of British History, 1603‑1714 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1970).

Dickinson, J. S., 'An Annotated Bibliography of Historical Writings Related to Physical Education in National Professional Physical Education Journals and Proceedings in North America During the Last Decade', M.S. thesis, University of Oregon, 1973. Dowling, A., 'A Guide to Sources of Information for the Study of Scunthorpe and District', F.L.A. Thesis, 1976.

Dring, W. E., The Fell and Furrow Books on South Cambridgeshire and the Fenland (Cambridge: Cambridge County Library, 1974).

Gilbert, H. M. and Godwin, G. N., Bibliotheca Hantoniensis (Southampton: Ye Old Book Shop, 1891).

Grant, E. G., Scotland (World Bibliographical Series Vol. 35) (Oxford: Clio Press, 1982).

Gratch, B., Chan, B. and Lingenfelter, J., Sport and Physical Education: A Guide to Reference Resources (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1983).

Graves, E. B., Bibliography of British History to 1485 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1975).

Green, E., Bibliotheca Somersetensis: A Catalogue of Books, Pamphlets, Single Sheets and Broadsheets (3 Vols.) (Taunton: Barnicott and Pearse, 1902).

Green, R. A. M., A Bibliography of Works Relating to Wiltshire, 1920‑1960 (Trowbridge: Wiltshire Library Service, 1975).

Grimshaw, A., The Horse: A Bibliography of British Books, 1851‑1976 (London: The Library Association, 1982).

Halliday, A., 'Blackburn and its Sub Region: An Annotated Bibliography', F.L.A. Thesis, 1976.

Hanham, H. J., Bibliography of British History, 1851‑1914 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1976).

Hannock, P. D., A Bibliography of Works Relating to Scotland (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1960).

Havinghurst, A., Modern England, 1901‑1970 (Bibliographical Handbook Series) (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1976).

Hewitt, R. G., 'A Bibliography of Blackpool and the Fylde of Lancashire', F.L.A. Thesis, 1964.

Higgs, R. J., Sport: A Guide to Reference Sources (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1983).

Hodgson, H. W., Bibliography of the History and Topography of Cumberland and Westmorland (Carlisle: Joint Archives Committee for Cumberland, Westmorland and Carlisle, 1968). Humphreys, A. L., A Handbook of County Bibliography: Being a Bibliography of Bibliographies Relating to the Counties and Towns of Great Britain and Ireland (London: 1917).

Jacobs, P. M., History Theses, 1901‑70 (London: University of London Institute of Historical Research, 1976).

James, T.,

Jessop, F. W., The History of Kent: A Bibliography (Maidstone: Kent County Council, 1966).

Johnstone, J. F. K., A Concise Bibliography of the History, Topography and Institutions of the Shires of Aberdeen, Banff and Kincardine (1914).

Jones, E. G., A Bibliography of the Dog: Books Published in the English Language, 1570‑1965 (London: The Library Association, 1971).

Jones, G. L., 'Bibliography of Cardiganshire, 1600‑1964', F.L.A. Thesis, 1967.

Keighley, J. S., PERDAS 1950‑1980: A List of Theses, Dissertations and Projects on Physical Education, Recreation, Dance, Athletics and Sport Presented to U.K. Universities (London: Librarians of Institutes and Schools of Education, 1981).

Kennington, D., The Source Book of Golf (London: Library Association, 1981).

Knight, R., 'A Bibliography of Printed Material Relating to Dartford in the County of Kent', F.L.A. Thesis, 1969.

Krawczyk, C., Mountaineering: A Bibliography of Books in English to 1974 (Metuchen, NJ: Scarecrow Press, 1976).

Kuehl, W. F., Dissertations in History (United States and Canadian Universities) (Vol. 1 1873‑1960, Vol. 2 1961‑ 1970, (Lexington, KS: University of Kentucky Press) (Lexington, KT: University of Kentucky Press) Vol. 3 1971‑1980) (Santa Barbara, CA: Clio Press, 1985)

Lake, F. and Wright, H., A Bibliography of Archery (Manchester: Simon Archery Foundation, 1974).

Loder, E. P., Bibliography of the History and Organisation of Horse Racing and Thoroughbred Breeding in Great Britain and Northern Ireland (London: J. A. Allen, 1981).

Lovesey, P. and McNab, T., Guide to British Track and Field Literature, 1275‑1968 (London: Athletics Arena, 1969).

Malherne, W. A., Chronological Bibliography of Hockey (Johannesburg: Johannesburg Public Library, 1965).

Mallon, B., The Olympics: A Bibliography (New York: Garland, 1984).

Martin, G. H. and McIntyre, S., A Bibliography of British and Irish Municipal History (Leicester: Leicester University Press, 1972)

Mayo, C. H., Bibliotheca Dorsetiensis (London: Whittingham, 1885).

Miller, A., 'A Bibliography of Lanarkshire', F.L.A. Thesis, 1967.

Mitchell, A. and Cash, C. G., A Contribution to the Bibliography of Scottish Topography (2 Vols.) (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1917).

Moore, J. S., Avon Local History Handbook (London: Phillimore, 1974).

Mullins, E. L. G., A Guide to Historical and Archaeological Publications of Societies in England and Wales, 1901‑1933 (London: Athlone Press, 1968).

Murdock, J. S. F., The Library of Golf, 1743‑1966 ‑ A Bibliography of Golf Books (Detroit, MI: Gale Research Co., 1968).

Mutimer, B. T. P., Canadian Graduating Essays, Theses and Dissertations Relating to the History and Philosophy of Sport, Physical Education and Recreation (Trois Riviérés: CAHPER ‑ History of Sport and Physical Activities Committee, 1975).

Neate, W. R., Mountaineering and its Literature: A Descriptive Bibliography of Selected Works in the English Language, 1744‑1976 (Milnthorpe: Cicerone Press, 1978).

Padwick, E. W., A Bibliography of Cricket (2nd edition) (London: The Library Association in association with J. W. McKenzie on behalf of the Cricket Society, 1984).

Pardoel, H. W., A Bibliography of the Art and Sport of Fencing (Kingston, OT: The Author, 1995).

Pargellis, S. M. and Medley, D. J., A Bibliography of British History, 1714‑1789 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1951).

Parker, A. G., 'Isle of Wight Local History: A Guide to Sources', F.L.A. Thesis, 1973.

Parker, D. F., An Annotated Bibliography of Newport (Monmouth), F.L.A. Thesis, 1972.

Pitman, E. V., Dorset A Catalogue of Books and Other Printed Materials on the History, Topography, Architecture and Biography of Dorset (Dorchester: Dorset County Library, 1974).

Read, B. J., 'Mountaineering: The Literature in the English Language: A Classified Bibliography', F.L.A. Thesis, 1978.

Read, C., Bibliography of British History, 1485‑1603 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1959).

Reading Public Library, Local Collection Catalogue of Books and Maps Relating to Berkshire (Reading: Reading Public Library, 1958) (Supplement 1966).

Redmond, G., 'Studies of the History of Physical Education and Sport', Bulletin of Physical Education, X, 2 (April 1974), 51‑53.

Rippon, C., 'Buckinghamshire: A Bibliography', F.L.A. Thesis, 1972.

Rothwell, C., 'A History of Fleetwood‑on‑Wyre, 1834‑ 1934, F.L.A. Thesis, 1971.

Seddon, P. J., A Football Compendium: A Comprehensive Guide to the Literature of Association Football (2nd edition) (Wetherby: The British Library National Bibliographic Service, 1999).

Sharkie, B., 'A Bibliography of Printed Material Relating to County Antrim', F.L.A. Thesis, 1972.

Shoebridge, M., Women in Sport: A Select Bibliography (London: Mansell, 1987).

Skilling, B. C., 'British Canoeing Literature January 1866‑ January 1966: A Bibliography and Subject Guide', F.L.A. Thesis, 1967.

Sparkes, I. G., The History of Thurrock: A Guide and Bibliography, F.L.A. Thesis, 1965.

Steward, A. V., A Suffolk Bibliography (Ipswich: Suffolk Record Office, 1979).

Taylor, P. J., F.L.A. Theses: Abstracts of all Theses Accepted for Fellowships of the Library Association from 1964) (London: Library Association, 1979).

Thimm, C. A., A Complete Bibliography of Fencing and Duelling as Practised by all European Nations from the Middle Ages to the Present Day (London: Lane, 1896).

Toomey, A. F., A World Bibliography of Bibliographies, 1964‑1974 (London: Rowman and Littlefield, 1977).

Whibley, V., 'A Bibliography of Orpington in the County of Kent', F.L.A. Thesis, 1972.

Willis, N. E., 'A Bibliography of the County of Wigan', F.L.A. Thesis, 1965.

and an even larger number of bibliographies published as part of scholarly texts.

Whilst every attempt has been made to make this bibliography as complete as possible, it cannot claim to be comprehensive. Time did not permit a visit to every appropriate library in the UK and there was a small number unwilling or unable to co‑operate in the project. Fortunately, the librarians of many of the collections I could not visit obliged by supplying details of their holdings in the form of microform catalogues or photocopied record cards, etc. covering the appropriate sections containing references to sport. Where visits were made, time did not always allow physical examination of every book in each of the collections consulted (especially where the major part of the collection was held in a remote or inaccessible stack) and there will be histories, especially histories of individual schools, colleges, and other institutions/organisations, the titles of which do not contain the word sport, but which devote attention to the subject in the course of the text. Similarly, there may be a number of histories which never found their way into indexes, bibliographies or library collections.

Full bibliographical details do not exist (in the sense of including details of an author or date of publication, etc.) or were not provided in several of the catalogues, bibliographies and indexes consulted. Although I managed to trace the missing details of some of the published works using such reference sources as The British Library Catalogue of Printed Books to 1975 and its supplements, several references, especially minor club histories with limited print runs, remain incomplete. The policy has been to include these in the hope that the researcher may still manage to locate any such publications which appear to be of interest.

Additional note to the second edition

In the 10 years that have elapsed since the publication of the first edition of this bibliography in 1991, many new publications have come to light as a result of more extensive research and the publication of other bibliographies.

In the summer of 1995 I carried out a further survey of all public library local studies collections. I sent libraries a copy of the relevant section from the updated first edition and asked them to make any corrections and/or additions. To my pleasant surprise I received about 200 replies. Given the increasing demands on librarians' time I am most grateful to those who responded - some in considerable detail and most very promptly. I also had the opportunity to personally visit some additional library collections and search their holdings.

During the last few years, several bibliographies of note have been published and I make no secret of the fact that I have drawn upon them heavily. Steven Ely and Peter Griffith's Padwick II maintained the very high standards set by Tim Padwick in the documentation of cricket literature and revealed much information about 1980s publications that I had not discovered as a result of my own research. Peter Seddon's A Football Compendium (especially the second edition) added many references on soccer that would have escaped my attention and so did Stewart Davidson and Andy Mitchell's various bibliographies of Scottish football histories. These include many short histories written by enthusiasts and published privately that often never find their way into public library collections or current awareness publications. John Jenkins' Rugby Compendium provided a highly comprehensive guide to the book and thesis literature of rugby football in all its many forms. Also of note is the bibliography of cycling champions compiled and published by Willy Scoevaets. There are a number of other sports bibliographical projects still being researched as I write and I have had the good fortune to be assisted by the compilers. This includes Andrew Huxtable who has collaborated with Peter Lovesey and Tom McNab on an Athletics Compendium and Dr Trevor James, who is compiling a bibliography of athletic club histories. Both compilers have been immensely helpful over a number of years. A sport on which I had little information in the first edition - Speedway, has been improved considerably, especially in volume 2 by the help of Graham Fraser.

Finally, I have also had the opportunity to index a few additional journals during the intervening years. Although the returns on most general periodicals is very low (ie one may search 50 years of a journal to find nothing pertinent) it has hopefully brought a number of more obscure but valuable publications to light which otherwise would have gone unnoticed. Some more specific sports periodicals were indexed over recent years and the details of historical articles included. The major drawback of this approach in terms of comprehensive coverage is that it has not been possible to always index these retrospectively back to the very first issue. This is the case with such publications as The Journal of the Cricket Society. If I am allowed to excuse myself, it is perhaps worth pointing out this project has had to continue essentially as a one-man effort without any financial support. A number of bids were made for financial support but I am afraid that sport and even more so, sports history, let alone sports history bibliography, comes very low down on the list of priorities for most funding bodies. Funding for sports specific research is almost exclusively reserved for research directed to preparing elite performers for international competition or products with commercial potential in the market place.

As with the first edition, I do not pretend that this bibliography can claim to be truly comprehensive, nor do I expect (although naturally I would prefer) it to be without mistakes. I ask again, therefore, for your assistance is drawing my attention to any omissions and/or errors.

Various dilemmas remain and others have arisen since compilation of the first edition. Most of the decisions of what and what not to include have been determined by referring to my primary aim - to bring to the attention of sports historians a comprehensive listing of secondary sources on the history of sport in Britain. However, there are certain anomalies. Where little literature exists (eg minority sports) the tendency has been to comprehensively include all the historical references regardless of their originality or level of scholarship. The view adopted is that despite what academics might say about the relative merits of antiquarian sport histories and chronologies, they often consult them for background factual information, if for nothing else. On the other hand, where considerable literature does exist and this has been well documented (eg. Cricket by Padwick (1612)) only books published after the years covered by this bibliography and any sources left out (such as periodical articles in the case of all three examples cited above) have been comprehensively included. This will result in considerable overlap if those bibliographies are ever updated (as is the case with S. Ely's Padwick's Bibliography of Cricket II (1608), Jenkins' A Rugby Compendium and Seddon's A Football Compendium (2884)). With cricket, association football and rugby a decision was also taken not to retrospectively index all the popular magazines on those sports such as articles appearing in Wisden Cricket Monthly, The Cricketer, Cricket International, Rugby World, etc. This is a decision made on the grounds of achieving the best overall coverage of sport in the limited time and resources at my disposal. To have done so would have been expensive and resulted in the bibliography being too costly to publish at an affordable price. Although I believe that most of the significant articles have been picked up and referred to in the major biographies and histories of the more popular sports, an unfortunate consequence is that occasionally (and I am convinced very rarely), a valuable article containing original research material appearing in a popular magazine has not been included whilst reminiscences on something like, 'bygone fox hunting in Shropshire', which appeared in Country Life has.

Time was also not available to check through all general histories such as histories of England to see if anything on sport was included. Where known, those containing sections on sport have been included. This includes the growing number of photographic histories but obviously there will be many references to sport that did not come to my notice, especially those contained in library collections on which I had to rely for remote feedback supplied by libraries in the form of photocopied/microfiched catalogue cards, etc (see above). If that was all the detail on the catalogue card it was not always feasible to get all the items brought up from the stack (usually in the basement and occasionally at a remote repository). If they had been supplied as photocopied lists, it felt too much of a liberty to return them requesting additional information to be added. In more recent times this would have been possible but very expensive, given the high search charges which increasingly apply.

I have maintained my stance to include items not seen but said to exist by responsible individuals on the grounds that it is better to know of something and leave the interested researcher to follow it up for themselves if appropriate to their work than make no mention of it or spend an inordinate amount of time tracking it down. The most effective way to do this is usually by consulting one of the special collections and bibliographies listed in the Introduction or the foot of individual sections, or consulting some of the library OPACs now readily accessible via the Internet.

Many publications appearing in published bibliographies have also been taken at their face value. There was no reason to doubt the integrity of most other bibliographers, especially the likes of Tim Padwick and his successors in compiling the bibliography of cricket who always note with a special bullet 'items included but not seen'. If it is known by anyone that there are any entries for works were never published, published under another title, etc then I would be grateful to be informed in order to correct future versions of the bibliography. This is a practice I have already established in the annual bibliography of publications on the history of sport in Britain which lists corrigenda as well as addenda.

Finally, I have also had the opportunity to index a few additional journals during the intervening years. Although the returns on most general periodicals is very low (ie one may search 50 years of a journal to find nothing new or pertinent) it has hopefully brought a number of more obscure but valuable publications to light which otherwise would have gone unnoticed. Some more specific sports periodicals were indexed over recent years and the details of historical articles included. The major drawback of this approach in terms of comprehensive coverage is that it has not been possible to always index these retrospectively back to the very first issue. This is the case with such publications as The Journal of the Cricket Society. If I am allowed to excuse myself, it is perhaps worth pointing out this project has had to continue essentially as a one-man effort without any financial support. A number of bids were made for financial support but I am afraid that sport and even more so, sports history, let alone sports history bibliography, comes very low down on the list of priorities for most funding bodies. Funding for sports specific research is almost exclusively reserved for research directed to preparing elite performers for international competition or products with commercial potential in the market place.

As with the first edition, I do not pretend that this bibliography can claim to be truly comprehensive, nor do I expect (although naturally I would prefer) it to be without mistakes. I therefore, ask again for your assistance is drawing my attention to any omissions and/or errors.

Various dilemmas remain and others have arisen since compilation of the first edition. Most of the decisions of what and what not to include have been determined by referring to my primary aim - to bring to the attention of sports historians a comprehensive listing of secondary sources on the history of sport in Britain. However, there are certain anomalies. Where little literature exists (eg minority sports) the tendency has been to comprehensively include all the historical references regardless of their originality or level of scholarship. The view adopted is that despite what academics might say about the relative merits of antiquarian sport histories and chronologies, they often consult them for background factual information, if for nothing else. On the other hand, where considerable literature does exist and this has been well documented (eg. Cricket by Padwick) only books published after the years covered by this bibliography and any sources left out (such as periodical articles in the case of all three examples cited above) have been comprehensively included. This will result in considerable overlap if those bibliographies are ever updated (as is the case with S. Ely's Padwick's Bibliography of Cricket II, Jenkins' A Rugby Companion and Seddon's A Football Companion). With cricket, association football and rugby a decision was also taken not to retrospectively index all the popular magazines on those sports such as articles appearing in Wisden Cricket Monthly, The Cricketer, Cricket International, Rugby World, etc. This is a decision made on the grounds of achieving the best overall coverage of sport in the limited time and resources at my disposal. To have done so would have been expensive and resulted in the bibliography been too costly to publish at an affordable price. Although I believe that most of the significant articles have been picked up and referred to in the major local histories, an unfortunate consequence is that occasionally (and I am convinced very rarely), a valuable article containing original research material appearing in an a popular magazine has not been included whilst reminiscences on something like, bygone fox hunting in Shropshire, which appeared in Country Life has.

Time was also not available to check through all general histories such as histories of towns and villages, companies and schools to see if anything on sport was included. Where known, those containing sections on sport have been included. This includes the growing number of photographic histories of towns, villages and other communities published every year by the many local history groups noted above but obviously there will be many references to sport that did not come to my notice, especially those contained in library collections on which I had to rely for remote feedback supplied by libraries in the form of photocopied/microfiched catalogue cards, etc (see above). If that was all the detail on the catalogue card it was not always feasible to get all the items brought up from the stack (usually in the basement and occasional at a remote repository). If they had been supplied as photocopied lists, it felt too much of a liberty to return them requesting additional information to be added. In more recent time this would have been possible but very expensive given the expensive search charges which increasingly apply.

I have maintained my stance to include items not seen but said to exist by responsible individuals on the grounds that it is better to know of something and leave the interested researcher to follow it up for themselves if appropriate to their work than make no mention of it or spend an inordinate amount of time tracking it down. The most effective way to do this is usually by consulting one of the special collections and bibliographies listed in the Introduction or the foot of individual sections, or consulting some of the library OPACs now readily accessible via the Internet.

Many publications appearing in published bibliographies have also been taken at their face value. There was no reason to doubt the integrity of most other bibliographers, especially the likes of Tim Padwick and his successors in compiling the bibliography of cricket who always note with a special bullet 'items included but not seen'. If it is known by anyone that there are any entries for works were never published, published under another title, etc, then I would be grateful to be informed in order to correct future versions of the bibliography. This is a practise I have already established in the annual bibliography of publications on the history of sport in Britain which lists corrigenda as well as addenda.

Finally, further inconsistencies arise from the fact that this project has been going on for so long. When I started out on this venture in 1975, I was in my early twenties. At that stage I did not have quite the same vision for the future of the project nor the same eye for detail. In those early days, my primary purpose was to note down the details of publications for my own future reference, not anyone else's. Hence, I would usually indicate the source of reference, class reference if it was in the local library on the record card to facilitate rapid access but not details of the publisher, number of pages etc. This became a problem later when the purpose changed. Without resourcing to do otherwise, I now had to settle on what was the lowest common denominator for the bibliographic information included in order to achieve a reasonable level consistency. Unfortunately, even now, not all references are consistent. There is detail missing from some of these entries either because of how I collected information (eg. from a microfiche catalogue containing minimal bibliographical information) or the stage I was at in the project when the details were obtained. Time and money, as well as the draining effect on my energy for the project, prevented me from retracing some of my steps for what I thought little non-vital information. Admittedly a shortcoming, but to have done so would have reduced the scope and completeness of the overall bibliography in other areas. That said, it is also important to appreciate that many publications, especially small club centenary brochures, etc, were tracked down, sometimes at considerable expense or time, only to find that they did not include any details about author, publisher or even date of publication in some cases.

Organisation of the Bibliography

This bibliography is divided into the five countries that make up the United Kingdom, followed by the individual counties (prior to Local Government reorganisation in 1974) and towns alphabetically arranged. Within each municipality, references are arranged alphabetically according to the sporting activity concerned Archery, Association Football, Bowls, Cricket, etc. Those of a general nature covering more than one activity are listed first. Where a large number of references to a specific location or activity have been identified, this section has been further sub‑divided. Thus, for example, references relating to the history of Association Football in Glasgow are sub‑divided into the individual clubs Glasgow Celtic, Glasgow Rangers, etc.

Within this structure are a number of anomalies and ambiguities.

Publications referring to four or fewer sports have multiple entries. Thus a history of public school sport would be in Volume One, but a history of cricket at Eton, Harrow, and Winchester is entered in this volume under each of the three schools concerned. Histories of more than four institutions or venues, etc. in the same county, however, are to be found in the county‑wide section.

Regional histories of sport (greater than county boundaries) based on the relief, climate, customs, practices, etc. of the area, rather than upon political/administrative boundaries, have been included at the foot of Part II. Histories of sport in the North West (embracing Cheshire, Cumberland, Lancashire and Westmorland), for example, are included in a sub‑section (North West) of the North of England as opposed to multiple entries under each of the four counties covered. Similarly, histories of county, Dales, Glen-wide leagues, etc. are listed at the foot of Part II unless they relate specifically to one municipiality.

Histories of individual tournaments, competitions and festivals are included under the district in which they took place except where more than one venue or district was involved in the history of the competition. Thus, histories of the Grand National are included under Liverpool, not histories of Horse Racing in Volume One, whilst histories of the F. A. Cup are entered in Volume One under histories of Association Football, not Crystal Palace, Wembley and other venues where the final of competition has been staged.

Histories of events taking place at a set venue covering more than one municipality are included in Volume One, in Section A or B depending upon whether they catered for single or multiple sports. If they were more essentially local, but still crossed municipal boundaries, they are included in the county-wide sections in Volume Two. Thus, for example, histories of the Devizes to Westminster Marathon Canoe Race are listed in Volume One - History of Canoeing; histories of the Bedale Hunt are listed under Yorkshire ‑ Fox Hunting, not Bedale. In fact, virtually all histories of hunts are included in the countywide sections because so rarely were they confined to one municipality. To cite them under each of the districts on whose territory they did encroach appeared unnecessary and possibly misleading. Several hunts, in fact crossed county boundaries, in which case they are listed in both counties. Several hunts have also changed their territory over time, especially where splinter groups formed often dividing the original area over which they hunted. This should be borne in mind by the researcher of field sports.

Histories of Services Sport (Army, Navy, Police, etc.) or the activities/teams of large multi‑sited corporate organisations as a whole have been included in volume 1.

Histories of locally based businesses and other organisations are listed in Volume Two under the name of the town where they were/are located, even if they were major manufacturers of sports equipment, etc. Histories of large multi-sited national governing bodies, broadcasting or manufacturing comapnies (eg. Sport UK, the B.B.C., Slazenger) are listed in Volume One.

An important exception to the rules outlined so far are histories of the Olympic Games when staged in Britain. Although these catered for multiple sports and took place at several locations in and around London, all entries have been included under London in Volume Two.

Histories of clubs moving their home base from one municipality to another have been placed at their most recent location, if the history spans a longer period of time than they were in residence in one particular location.

With the exception of the Barbarians Rugby Union team which may be regarded, to some extent as a Great Britain team, histories of wandering teams having no permanent home/venue are listed in a separate section at the end of Volume Two. Histories of clubs, whereabouts unknown to the compiler have also been given a separate section at the end of Volume Two.

The primary objective in making many of these decisions, especially the one to include multiple entries, rather than cross‑referencing to unique locations, has been to assist the researcher, preventing him/her from having to turn too many pages for references to the one subject. Users, however, are strongly advised to read the section on 'Using the Bibliography' on pp. 20. The overall structure has also been determined primarily with the needs of the sports historian in mind, based on traditional approaches to the subject. It is appreciated that this structure would not ideally suit the librarian interested in securing unique locations for placing books on shelves or the collector interested in their rarity or resale value, etc. Eventually, it is intended to make this bibliography available on‑line. Then it will be possible to search the bibliography in several different fields using key words selected from a controlled vocabulary.

Individual activities were not grouped under broader subject headings such as Ball Games, Equestrian Sports, Martial Arts, Water Sports, Fighting Sports, Indoor Sports, Outdoor Sports, etc. because there were too many anomalies. Polo, for example, whilst an equestrian sport is also a ball game. Similarly, water polo, whilst being a water sport and a ball game may be played indoors or outdoors.

Even within these general rules there were some publications difficult to locate. Collective biographies relating to one particular club (eg. Manchester United's Who's Who in the Twentieth Century have been listed under the one club with which they were concerned, not in Volume Three - Biographical Studies - Collective biographies - Association Football. Other examples are to be found and this is why the in-depth researcher is strongly advised to read the 'Notes to Users' on pp. ?-?.

Finally, a very small number of entries, approximately 15, have been found to have been allocated the same number by the computer when sorting the records, likewise an almost equal number of references have been removed due to duplications not previously coming to light. Together have introduced a few anomolies in the sequential numbering. Where these have occurred is usually between the end and start of a section.

Using the Bibliography

The purpose of this bibliography has been to identify completed studies on the history of sport in Britain. The researcher wishing to undertake original investigation is advised to consult the other volumes in the series (see p. ???), reference sources and special collections listed at the foot of each section and on pp. 7‑8 in order to identify additional sources of information such as handbooks, directories, coaching manuals, reports, minutes and accounts. It should be borne in mind, however, that the special collections identified are not necessarily the largest single collections of source material on those particular sports, only those specialising in collecting material on Angling, Mountaineering, etc. The national libraries and the municipal libraries of large counties and towns may well contain a greater number of publications on a given sport than some of those listed as specialist collections. Plumstead Library, for example, (see p. ??) probably has a larger collection of books on Association Football than the libraries of the Football Association and the Football League combined.

Unfortunately, most libraries do not maintain records of the number of volumes they contain on a particular sport and therefore it has not been possible to provide details for the user of this bibliography. Equally, the bibliographies listed at the foot of each section are not necessarily the biggest or most comprehensive. Some histories, such as Smith and Williams' Fields of Praise (3667 in volume 1), for example, contain significant bibliographies of secondary and primary works. Those entries listed as bibliographies are 'stand‑alone' only bibliographies.

It should be noted that researchers are also advised to consult each of the three volumes of the bibliography. Literature relating to a particular venue or town may be included in each one. As an example, important references to the history of Wembley stadium are to be found in certain histories of the Olympic Games (volume 1), histories of certain leagues and clubs (volume 2) and biographical studies of certain individuals (volume 3) as well as in Part I under histories of Association Football. Similarly, literature relating to the history of an individual club such as Liverpool F.C. may be found in nation-wide histories of Association Football and biographical studies of John Aldridge, Kenny Dalglish, Alan Hansen, Emlyn Hughes, Phil Neale, etc., as well as histories of sport on Merseyside and sport in Liverpool.

Although no separate histories were identified for some town or clubs these may be discussed, to some extent, in certain county wide histories of sport.

Not all local histories have been indexed for details of information on specific clubs but where known, a chapter or section devoted to a certain club has been included as is the case with Cambridge Town in Twydell (see ???). Again, I aspire to all such omissions to be brought to my attention by readers so that they may be included in future editions.

It was noted in the first edition that the bibliography would be updated with annual bibliographies of publications on the history of British sport, published in The British Society of Sports History Bulletin (since renamed The Sports Historian). This has been the case and will continue, but in a separate publication as noted in the Preface.

Finally, a note about the emergence of the Internet as a valuable source of reference in recent years. In 1995, I published The Internet as A Resource for the Sports Historian (Frodsham: Sports History Publishing, 1975) as a means of drawing attention to this new and important resource. There is a growing volume of sports history information accessible and this is accessible via the British Society Sports History World Wide Web Gateway (http://www.zen20110.zen.co.uk/SportHistWeb/bssh.html). Sometimes leads can be found to valuable publications on British sport, produced in a language other than english, details of which would not appear in this bibliography.

Postscript: A Short Comment on Bibliographical Scholarship

Reflecting on the project as a whole, I have to admit that it has been something of a love-hate relationship. Limited satisfaction is derived from the end product because in reality it is an infinite task with diminishing returns on effort. Whilst it was relatively easy to trace the first 80% of references included, the next 10% take twice as long, the next 5% ten times as long as the first 80% and so on and so forth. This is why it often frustrates me to see individuals put together a bibliography for publication in a matter of months and think that they have fulfilled the objectives of what scholarly bibliography is all about [5]. For me, to be scholarly, a bibliography must fit snugly into the existing bibliographical framework. I am not supportive of bibliographies that are totally stand alone bibliographies put together piecemeal or based on what is readily accessible in much the same way that a teacher might do for students on his course using the school library without juxtapositioning their work in relation to what already exists. I am very critical of works which end up causing the serious researcher to spend more time searching for literature than they would have done without the highly selective unexplained bibliography. For me, a listing no matter how big, which does not indicate how selective they have been, indicate where they have searched, or achieved a high degree of comprehensive coverage within their terms of reference, is not an example of scholarly bibliography. A scholarly bibliography is one that digs virgin territory and unearths formerly hidden sources. Whilst a listing of what books are available in the local library on a given subject might be all right for guiding undergraduate students about to write a term paper it is of little use to the 'coal-face' researcher who I aim to support as well as the undergraduate student and sports enthusiast. The problem with a new bibliography that does not fit rationally into the existing framework or is incomplete is that the researcher still needs to consult much wider and may ultimately have been quicker to ignore it. This is because scholars like to leave no stone unturned in assessing the background to a problem or event they are exploring. If they come to learn that a certain bibliography is highly selective (in terms of topics covered, sources included, dates embraced, geographical territory included) without good reason, other than perhaps to promote a particular library collection or put it together rapidly, they will want to turn to the more fundamental sources of information in order to identify and assess material that was left out.

Elsewhere [6] I illustrated these problems by likening them to the dangers of having a large series of maps of differing scales when attempting to traverse a mountain range. It may be that for much of the territory you can analyse the terrain, in order to plan your route, down to very fine detail. However, collectively these maps are of limited value if there is a small but seriously dangerous ridge along the route not indicated on any of the maps because that land had not been properly charted. The traveller may end up having been better starting from scratch and doing the exploratory research themselves. In terms of the process of collecting the information from all the overlapping sources, I likened it to trawling the sea for tuna fish with a drift net. It, too, is of limited value if, in order to guarantee catching the rare prized fish, you have to kill thousands of dolphins and wipe out other unwanted species in the process. It is undertaking all this basic groundwork to save the ultimate user time that is so time consuming for the good bibliographer and why the likes of Stephen Ely in compiling Padwick II spent years searching through obscure sources to find very little that was additional to the earlier editions.

Also one is constantly torn between depth and width as the main priority. Knowing that naïve users still appear to be impressed most by sheer volume/size and judge a bibliographical work on any omissions they can find, rather than on the true measures of bibliographical scholarship, one is frequently tempted to go for width.

My personal experiences, views on the state of existing bibliographical control of sporting literature, and recommendations for the future are developed further in a forthcoming article entitled 'Tales of a Sporting Bibliophile: Reflections on 24 years Documenting the Literature of British Sport' (to be published in the Sports Historian).

Endnotes

1 See, for example, J. Dickinson, 'An Annotated Bibliography of Historical Writings Related to Physical Education in National Professional Physical Education Journals and Proceedings in North America in the Last Decade', M.S.thesis, University of Oregon, 1973; G. Bridge (ed.) Rock Climbing in the British Isles 1894‑1970: A Bibliography of Guide Books (London: 1971); P. Lovesey and T. McNab (eds.) A Guide to Track and Field Literature, 1275‑1968 (London: Athletics Arena, 1969); R. W. Cox 'Publications on the History of Sport in the North West (Cheshire, Cumbria and Lancashire)', Proceedings of One Day Workshop on the History of Sport in the North West, ed. by M. Speak, University of Lancaster, July, 1987; R. W. Cox (comp.) 'Annual Bibliography of Publications on the History of Sport 1985/6', British Journal of Sports History, 4, 3 (December 1987), 351‑359; M. Shoebridge (comp.) Women in Sport: A Select Bibliography (London: Mansell, 1987); R. W. Cox (comp.) Theses and Dissertations on the History of Sport, Physical Education and Recreation Accepted for Higher Degrees and Advanced Diplomas in British Universities, 1900‑1981 (Liverpool: Bibliographical Centre for the History of Sport and Physical Education, 1982); Catalogue of the Alpine Club (London: The Alpine Club, 1982); 'Recent Publications by Members' (published periodically in the HISPA Bulletin).

2 See footnote 1, page vii.

3 Unfortunately, it proved impossible to differentiate 'England only' material from Great Britain and the U.K. histories in general. Some publications had England in the title but within the contents also included references to Scotland and Wales (this was especially true of American works) whilst others used the term Britain but made no reference to developments outside of England and perhaps Wales. This was especially the case in some of the individual sport histories.

4 The problem of missing bibliographic detail was particularly difficult in remote libraries and libraries with inaccessible stacks and where catalogues of their collections contained only brief bibliographical details such as author and/or title. In the case of Jersey, for example, the compiler had access only to photocopied sections of the card catalogue forwarded by the librarian. Although it was possible to visit Plumstead Library (see p. ?), the microfiche catalogue contained details of only the author and title of works in the sports collection. I could not expect, nor afford the time, for many of the 50,000 titles to be requested individually and brought from the publicly inaccessible stack. In many similar instances librarians kindly provided the additional information on request, others had neither the time nor inclination to do so. Eventually, it was decided that where locations were known to the compiler, no further time could be justified in attempting to track down the remaining details, especially if the bibliography was going to meet its publication deadline.

5 What many 'amateur bibliographers' fail to realize, is that bibliography, as both an art and a science, has its own criteria of scholarship. It has to have a place within the existing bibliographical framework; it has to show that it has a purpose and how it fits into the network; it therefore needs to set out its objectives clearly and describe how it has been researched and compiled; it has to be complete within its terms of reference and it has to divide the subject into useful discrete parts, etc., Without the background information how is one to know how to use it and how reliable it is in the information gathering process etc?. Whilst I have recently declared my view that sports specific bibliographies and indexes to large collections like the British Library are the way forward, I have also illustrated the way in which bibliographies which fall between too many stools actually exacerbates the problem of bibliographical control, ultimately causing the academic researcher to have to search even further afield than he would have had to do otherwise. This is because of all the cross checking required with overlapping sources. If one is not already familiar with the literature of bibliographical scholarship but wishes to learn more I recommend one reads D. W. Kümmel Bibliographies: Their Aims and Methods, A. M. L. Robinson Systematic Bibliography or R. Stokes The Function of Bibliography. There are also a number of useful articles in the journal Bibliography Review. My own views on the state of sports bibliography are reflected in 'Sports History Documentation ‑ the origins, objectives, methods and findings of the British Sports History Bibliography Project and a blueprint for the future', International Journal of the History of Sport, 9, 2 (August 1992), 252‑279, 'Subject Bibliographies: Help or Hindrance to Comprehensive Literature searching?', British Journal of Academic Librarianship, 7, 1 (September 1992), 17‑29, 'Ramblings of a Bibliophile: Reflections on 21 years Documenting the Literature of British Sports History'(forthcoming).

For examples of good practice in bibliography I suggest you read my reviews of the some of the following: E. W. Padwick A Bibliography of Cricket, British Journal of Sports History, 2, 2 (September, 1985); E. Loder A Bibliography of the History and Organisation of Horse Racing and Thoroughbred Breeding in Great Britain and Ireland, British Journal of Sports History, 2, 2 (September, 1985); F. Lake A Bibliography of Archery, British Journal of Sports History, 2, 2 (September 1985), 331‑34; A. Grimshaw The Horse: A Bibliography of publications, British Journal of Sports History, 2, 2 (September 1985).

6 'Bibliographical Control of Sports Literature: Some Concerns of the Academic End User', Proceedings of the IX World Scientific Congress on Sports Information, Rome, June 1993.